Knowledge
 
 

How can sponge landscapes help cities live with water?

As rainfall becomes more intense, droughts more frequent, and natural water systems increasingly constrained by urban development, conventional drainage systems are struggling to meet the challenges facing our cities and landscapes. At OKRA, we design sponge landscapes that work with water and its natural hydrological processes rather than against them. By integrating water management into parks, public spaces, streetscapes and urban development, we create meaningful landscapes that:

  • Enhance biodiversity and ecological connectivity
  • Create multifunctional public landscapes with social value
  • Support climate adaptation by improving resilience to drought and floods through nature-based solutions
  • Enable sustainable urban growth through integrated blue-green infrastructure
Rising water levels are temporarily stored and gradually released through controlled outfalls.

Water as the backbone

Rather than treating water management as hidden infrastructure, we transform it into a visible and valuable part of the landscape, improving environmental quality, strengthening biodiversity and enhancing everyday life through placemaking. Streams, rainwater gardens and playful water features invite people to walk, play, gather and experience the changing rhythms of water throughout the year, while interconnected wetlands, meadows, marshes and woodlands create rich habitats and movement corridors for birds, insects and other wildlife. Together, the sponge landscape captures, stores and filters water, enabling future urban development while integrating water management, habitat restoration and public amenity within a single multifunctional landscape.

During heavy rainfall or tidal conditions, water is absorbed in successive phases across stormwater cells, streams, ponds and marsh basins
 
 
 

Related sponge landscapes

Street-scale sponge landscape in Fortstraat, integrating rainwater management into the public realm through wadis.
On a regional scale, Marina Park transforms flood infrastructure into a sponge landscape for urban growth, biodiversity and climate adaptation.
On a coastal scale, Shenshan, creates a nature-led sponge landscape that reconnects land, sea and nature.
Urban-scale sponge landscape in Shanshui City integrates rain, river and coastal water systems.

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